5_2019(en)

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ISSN 2410-776X (Online)
ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)

"Biotechnologia Acta" V. 12, No. 5, 2019
P. 85-95, Bibliography. 25, English
Universal Decimal Classification: 635.076:57.043
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.089

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR DESCRIBING THE POST-CRYOPRESERVATION VIABILITY OF FRUIT AND BERRY CUTTINGS

L. V. Gorbunov¹, I. V. Petrov², O. V. Zviahintseva¹

¹ Chair of Biotechnology, Biophysics and Analytical Chemistry, National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute", Ukraine
²Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

A mathematical model that simplifies the determination of optimal parameters ensuring the maximum viability of frozen-thawed fruit and berry cuttings was developed. Values of the minimum amount of intracellular water η_1min, which minimizes the plasmolysis probability, and η_2min, which minimizes the probability of intracellular ice formation, were determined with due account for the bioobject heterogeneity.

Free water amounts Δη, forming ice crystals inside the cell during cryopreservation of different of fruit and berry varieties, were calculated. The optimal conditions for cutting dehydration (temperature Tⁱ and incubation time t₂, minimum amount of intracellular water ηmin) ensuring the maximum viability after drying and low-temperature adaptation to cryopreservation were selected. The individual features of the viability of frozen-thawed cuttings of different species were quantitatively reflected in the free water index Δη. The maximum viability of frozen-thawed birch and blackcurrant cuttings was achieved, when intracellular water was in the bound, vitrified state Δη = 0. The calculated Δη>0 for cuttings of different varieties of apple- and pear-trees as well as of raspberry-bushes leads to a decrease in the viability, and it is impossible to obtain viable plum, apricot or grape specimens after low-temperature cryopreservation with no bound water η_с at all.

Key words: mathematical model, cryopreservation, fruit and berry cuttings, viability.

References

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4. Sakai A., Nishiyama J. Cryopreservation of winter vegetative buds of hardy fruit trees in liquid nitrogen. Hort. Sci. 1978, 13 (1), 225. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.47.27

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6. Teixeira da Silva J. A., Engelmann F. Cryopreservation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Cryobiology. 2017, V. 77, P. 82?88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.04.007

7. Nair D. S., Reghunath B. R., Soni K. B., Alex S. Cryopreservation of Encapsulated Axillary Buds of Clitoria ternatea (L.). Cryo Lett. 2019, 40 (1), 28?35.

8. Hao Y. J., Liu Q. L., Deng X. X. Effect of cryopreservation on apple genetic resources at morphological, chromosomal, and molecular levels. Cryobiology. 2001, 43 (1), 46?53. https://doi.org/10.1006/cryo.2001.2339

9. Wu Y., Zhao Y., Engelmann F., Zhou M., Zhang D., Chen S. Cryopreservation of apple dormant buds and shoot tips. Cryo Lett. 2001, 22 (6), 375?380.

10. Shevchenko N. О., Ivchenko T. V., Mozgovska A. V., Міroshnychenkо Т. М., Bashtan N. О. Survival of Sweet Potato Meristems Under Different Cryopreservation Regimens. Probl. Cryobiol. Cryomed. 2018, 28 (2), 156. https://doi.org/10.15407/cryo28.02.156

11. Pegg D. E. Principles of cryopreservation. Meth. Mol. Biol. 2015, V. 1257, P. 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5_1

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13. Kabylbekova B. Zh., Koval'chuk I. Ju., Turdiev T. T., Muhitdinova Z. R. The effect of cryoprotectants and preprocessing methods on viability of apple buds during cryopreservation. Vestnik nauki Kazahskogo agrotehnicheskogo universiteta im. S. Sejfullina (mezhdisciplinarnyj). 2017, 3 (94), 9?17. (In Russian).

14. Verzhuk V. G., Pavlov A. V., Tikhonova O. A., Borzhyh N. V., Dorokhov D. S. Evaluation of the viability genoplasmy of fruit crops after cryopreservation at vapor of liquid nitrogen – 183?185 ?С. Faktori eksperimental'noї evolyutsії organіzmіv. 2013, V. 13, P. 27?30. (In Russian).

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17. Yi J. Y., Lee G. A., Lee S. Y., Chung J. W., Shin S. Cryopreservation of Winter-dormant Apple Buds Using Two-step Freezing. Plant Breed. Biotechnol. 2013, 1 (3), 283?289. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2013.1.3.283

18. Gorbunov L. V., Shyianova T. P., Riabchun V. K. Optimization of dehydration conditions of fruit and berry cuttings. Henetychni Resursy Roslyn. 2008, V. 5, P. 182?187. (In Ukrainian).

19. Pavlov1 A. V., Verzhuk V. G., Orlova1 S. Yu., Radchenko O. Ye., Yerastenkova M. V., Dodonova A. Sh., Gavrilkova Ye. A., Sitnikov M. N., Filipenko G. I., Murashev S. V. Cryopreservation as a Method to Preserve Some Fruit and Berry Crops and Wild Medicinal Plants. Probl. Cryobiol. Cryomed. 2019, 29 (1), 044–057. https://doi.org/10.15407/cryo29.01.044

20. Liu Y., Wang X., Liu L. Analysis of genetic variation in surviving apple shoots following cryopreservation by vitrification. Plant Sci. 2004, 166 (3), 677?685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2003.11.003

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23. Gorbunov L. V. Reproducibility results for cryopreservation of different variety cuttings of pomefruit trees. Problemy Kriobiologii. 2009, 19 (4), 473?480. (In Russian).

24. Gorbunov L. V., Petrov I. V. Interrelation between type and cultivar of berry-like crop and cuttings cryopreservation results. Biotechnol. acta. 2013, 6 (2), 121?127. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech6.02.121

25. Gorbunov L. V., Riabchun V. K., Shyianova T. P., Salina A. S. Method of long-term preservation of fruit and berry cuttings. Ukraine patent UA 47845. 2010 feb 25.

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ISSN 2410-776X (Online)
ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)

"Biotechnologia Acta" V. 12, No. 5, 2019
P. 79-84, Bibliography. 20, English.
Universal Decimal Classification: 628.3
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.079

APPLICATION OF Lemna minor FOR POLLUTED WATER TREATMENT FROM BIOGENIC ELEMENTS

L. Sablii, M. Korenchuk, M. Kozar

National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”

The aim of this work was to establish the possibility of Lemna minor usage to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment from nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.

Due to their pollution resistanse, Lemna minor is often used for wastewater remediation. It’s capability of absorption and transformation of various compounds, promotes the deposition of suspended matter, saturates water with oxygen, intensifies the purification processes.

Due to the rapid growth rate, duckweed absorbs a large amount of pollutants, thereby purifying water from them. However, there is insufficient data and information on the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds extraction by Lemna minor wastewater. That is why the research direction was to determine the efficiency of wastewater treatment from biogenic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds by higher aquatic plants of Lemna minor.

The necessary conditions for cultivation of higher aquatic plants of Lemna minor in autumn and winter were established. The efficiency of using duckweed of different mass for purification of waste water from biogenic compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated. The usage of duckweed together with other higher aquatic plants to investigate wastewater from biogenic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds was investigated.

It was found that the efficiency of sewage treatment in the autumn-winter period should adjust the mode of illumination and temperature regime.

Key words: wastewater, biological treatment, phosphates, nitrates, Lemna minor.

References

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5. Kim Y. M., Cho H. U., Lee D. S., Park D., Park J. M. Influence of operational parameters on nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial communities in a full-scale activated sludge process. Wat. Res. 2011, 45 (17), 5785–5795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.063

6. Zhukova V., Sabliy L., Lagod G. Biotechnology of the food industry wastewater treatment from nitrogen compounds. Biotechnol. Food Ind. 2011, P. 133–138.

7. Dytczak M. A., Londry K. L., Oleszkiewicz J. A. Activated sludge operational regime has significant impact on the type of nitrifying community and its nitrification rates. Wat. Res. 2008, 42 (8–9), 2320–2328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.12.018

8. Othman I., Anuar A. N., Ujang Z., Rosman N. H., Harun H., Chelliapan S. Livestock wastewater treatment using aerobic granular sludge. Biores. Technol. 2013, V. 133, P. 630–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.149

9. Wang Y., Peng Y., Stephenson T. Effect of influent nutrient ratios and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a two-sludge sequencing batch reactor process. Biores. Technol. 2009, 100 (14), 3506–3512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.02.026

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ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)

Ж-л "Biotechnologia Acta" V. 12, No. 5, 2019
P. 72-78, Bibliography. 19, English.
Universal Decimal Classification: 615.322:616.37
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.072

ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIBIOFILM-FORMING AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Potentilla erecta RHIZOME EXTRACT

M. Kryvtsova¹, J. Ko?cova2, J. Eftimova³, M. J. Spivak ⁴

¹Uzhhorod National University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Genetics, Plant Physiology and Microbiology, Ukraine
²University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Ko?ice, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Slovakia
³University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Ko?ice, Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Slovakia
⁴Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the National Academy of Scienses of Ukraine, Kyiv

The purpose of the work was to study the antimicrobial, antibiofilm-forming, antioxidant and some biochemical properties of alcoholic extracts of Potentilla erecta L. rhizome. The plants for the study were gathered around the village of Luta, Velyky Berezny rayon, Transcarpathia. From the Potentilla erecta L. rhizome, ethyl and methyl extracts were produced. The subjects for study were their antioxidant activity (by DPPH method), total tannin and flavonoids (by spectrophotometric method), and antimicrobial activity (by diffusion-into-agar method). The clinical isolates were isolated with the use of differentially diagnostic nutrient media. The antibiofilm activity of the extracts were tested in standard 96-well microtitration plates.

Ethyl and methyl extracts of Potentilla erecta L. rhizome were shown to reveal high antioxidant activity. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Staphylococcus genus bacteria and Candida genus fungi was established. The study proved high capacity of ethanol extract for bacterial biofilm destruction.

Thus, the study showed the antimicrobial, antioxidant and antibiofilm-forming activity of tormentil ethyl extract against the isolates from the mouth cavities of patients suffering from parodentium inflammatory diseases, which fact contributes to the application prospects of this extract as an active base for mouth cavity hygiene preparations.

Key words: antimicrobial effect; antibiofilm formation; plant extracts; antioxidant activity, flavonoids, tannins

References

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5. Kryvtsova M. V., Kostenko Ye. Ya., Salamon I. Compositions of essential oils with antimicrobial properties against isolates from oral cavities of patients with inflammatory diseases of parodentium. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems. 2018, 9 (4), 491–494. https://doi.org/10.15421/021873

6. Kostenko O. Ye., Kryvtsova M. V., Kostenko Ye. Ya., Savchuk O. V. Analiz dominuyuchykh mikrobnykh asotsiatsiy porozhnyny rota ta osoblyvosti yikh chutlyvosti do antybakterialnykh ta antyseptychnykh preparativ (Analysis of dominating microbial associations of mouth cavity and peculiarities of their sensitivity to antibacterial and antiseptic preparations). Suchasna stomatolohiya (Modern Dentistry). 2018, No. 5, P. 37–39.

7. Kryvtsova M. V. Microscopoc Candida genus fungi in the structure of microbial associations in the condition of generalized periodontitis and their sensitivity to antibiotics and essential oils. Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine. 2019, 1 (2), 263–266. https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2019-1-2-149-263-266

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ISSN 2410-776X (Online)
ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)

Biotechnologia Acta, V. 12, No.5, 2019
P. 63-71, Bibliography. 60, English.
УUniversal Decimal ClassificationДК: 577.1/3
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.063

PRODUCTION OF MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED BIOSORBENTS BASED ON FUNGI Agaricus bisporus AND Lentinula edodes

S. V. Gorobets¹ , L. A. Yevzhyk¹, I. A. Kovalchuk¹, O. V. Kovalev²

¹Igor Sikorsky National Polytechnic Institute, Kyiv
²KP “UGCG”, Slavutich

The aim of the study was to produce magnetically controlled biosorbent based on fungi of champignon and shiitake, to determine the proportion of the magnetically controlled phase of the biomass of fungi when the magnetic fluid (MF) was added to the substrate and to explore the efficiency of extraction Fe³⁺ ions by shredded biomass of the fungus. The object of the study was mushrooms champignon Agaricus bisporus and shiitake Lentinula edodes grown in the laboratory. An effective and cheap way to remove waste biosorbent from the working environment is a high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS), which takes place in high-speed mode. The separation of the magnetically controlled phase of fungi biomass A. bisporus and L. edodes was carried out by HGMS methods. It was investigated that when using the biomass of champignon grown on MF, the properties of the sorbent were significantly improved, the full saturation was 6 times faster in comparison with the biosorbent based on the biomass of the fungus grown without MF.

Key words: biogenic magnetic nanoparticles, magnetite, magnetically controlled biosorbent, champignon Agaricus bisporus, shiitake Lentinula edodes.

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Details: Hits: 158

ISSN 2410-776X (Online)
ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)

Biotechnologia Acta, V. 12, No. 5, 2019
P. 42-62, Bibliography 173, English.
Universal Decimal Classification: 615.322:615.244
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.042

THE USE OF HERBAL REMEDIES IN THE TREATMENT OF HEPATOBILIARY DISEASES: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS

M. Gahramanova^1,2, M. Rudyk², L. Skivka²

¹Nargiz Medical Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
² ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine

Hepatobiliary system diseases represent an important medical and social problem due to increasing morbidity rates worldwide. Liver and biliary diseases are characterized by complex pathophysiology as well as by multi- and comorbidity. The treatment of such diseases necessitates multitarget drug development. The effectiveness of current drugs in the treatment of hepatobiliary disorders remains low and the incidence of side-effects are profound. This actualizes the search and development of highly effective hepatoprotectors with a low incidence of side effects. Medicinal plants potentially constitute a sourse of such preparations. The review summarizes the data concerning mechanisms of hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of medicinal plants and their phytoconstituents. The prospects for the development and use of herbal remedies in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases are outlined.

Key words: hepatobiliary diseases, medicinal plants, hepatoprotectors, immunomodulators.

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